施氮对滴灌春小麦干物质、氮素积累和产量的影响

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Accumulation of Dry Matter and Nitrogen,Yield of Spring Wheat under Drip Irrigation

为给北疆地区滴灌春小麦生产中氮素管理提供依据,以新春6号为材料,设置5个施氮水平(施纯氮0、150、300、450和600kg·hm-2,分别用N0、N1、N2、N3、N4表示),分析了施氮量对滴灌春小麦干物质、氮素积累和产量的影响。结果表明,滴灌春小麦植株干物质和氮素积累特征符合Logistic曲线,施氮能促进其干物质和氮素积累,以N2处理表现最佳,其干物质量和氮素积累量分别达到19 745.03和310.97kg·hm-2,比其他处理分别高4.42%～60.74%和3.68%～79.65%。滴灌春小麦产量和氮肥当季利用率受施氮量影响均显著,且均随施氮量的增加呈先增加后降低的趋势,其中产量以N2最大,比N0增产45.04%。经函数拟合,施氮量为366.83kg·hm-2时,滴灌春小麦产量最高。

To explore the effect of nitrogen application on accumulation amount of dry matter and nitrogen,and yield of drip irrigated spring wheat in Northern Xinjiang,an experiment of 5 nitrogen treatments（N0：0 kg·hm-2,N1：150 kg·hm-2,N2：300 kg·hm-2,N3：450 kg·hm-2 and N4：600 kg·hm-2） with dominantly applied cultivar Xinchun 6 was carried at experimental station,Shihezi University.The results showed that the accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen could be well fitted by logistic curve.The highest accumulation amount of dry matter and nitrogen could be obtained with the reasonable nitrogen application.The dry matter and nitrogen accumulation of treatment N2 were the highest with 19 745.03 and 310.97 kg·hm-2,respectively,which were higher than other treatments by 4.42% - 60.74% and 3.68% - 79.65%.Nitrogen use efficiency of drip irrigation spring wheat was significantly affected by nitrogen application rate.Firstly it increased and then decreases with the increase of nitrogen application rate.Applied nitrogen fertilizer can significantly improve crop yields by 22.24%,45.04%,37.59% and 24.47% for N1,N2,N3 and N4 treatments compared N0,respectively.The function fitted results between yield and nitrogen application rate showed that the highest yield could be obtained when nitrogen application rate was 366.83 kg hm-2.