市辖区体制改革初探

A Study on the Institutional Reform of Municipal Districts

从城市政府运行的整体性特点来看,作为城市内部的行政建制,市辖区政府工作的独立性相当有限,应定义为市的行政分治区。市辖区作为市政府管理城市事务的辅助系统,很难真正成为一种纯粹意义上的县级"行政区域"。因此,尽管在法律上被赋予同县相同的行政级别,但市辖区的权力运行特点完全不同于县。当前,在城市管理实践中出现的诸如"向区放权"、"通过合并市辖区把区做大做实"的做法,已经严重偏离了当初设置市辖区协助城市管理的初衷和市区关系的内在规律。为此,需要理性定位市辖区在城市管理中的地位和功能,切实维护城市管理的统一性和整体性,以利长远。

In the light of the integrity of municipal government running, the municipal district, as an administrative unit within the city, lacks independence. The municipal district serves only as a ＂sub - district of administration＂ and an assis- tant of the municipal government, rather than an authentic ＂administrative district＂ as counties or prefectures. Even though it is granted the equivalent administrative level with the county by the law, the municipal district runs differently from the county. Currently, certain practices in the municipal administration, such as ＂decentralization to municipal districts＂ and ＂strengthening and consolidating the municipal district by merging districts＂, have seriously deviated from the original in- tention of setting up municipal districts to assist urban management and from the inherent law of the relationship between the municipal government and the municipal district. In the long run, it is vital to rationally position the status and func- tions of the municipal district in municipal administration and safeguard the unity and integrity of municipal administration.