人工甜味剂环境行为研究进展

Research progress on the environmental behavior of artificial sweeteners

人工甜味剂是一类人工合成或半合成的蔗糖取代物,由于人们对饮食健康的关注而被越来越广泛地应用于食品和饮料中.但是大多数人工甜味剂在人体内几乎不被代谢就随尿液和粪便直接排到生活污水中.近年,几种典型的甜味剂在水体中广泛被检出且浓度较高,同时研究发现部分甜味剂难以降解,因此人工甜味剂已被视为新型有机污染物而得到关注.本文就人工甜味剂在水处理设施中的行为及其在环境来源和分布的相关研究进行了综述,总结了水处理设施和水环境中甜味剂的污染特征规律,并对今后的研究进行了展望.

Artificial sweeteners are used worldwide as a class of synthetic or half-synthetic sugar substitutes in food and beverages. Most of them can hardly be metabolized in vivo, thus are excreted via urines and feces before entering the environmet. Some typical artificial sweeteners have been proved to occur ubiquitously in the aquatic environment with the highest concentration up to 190 μg.L-1. Furthermore, some artificial sweeteners are also recalcitrant against the removal process in water treatment plants. Therefore, they have been recently recognized as emerging organic contaminants. In this paper, the behavior of artificial sweeteners in water treatment processes and their source and occurrence in the environment are reviewed, and the contamination characteristics of the artificial sweeteners are summarized. Some future research directions in this field are proposed accordingly.