大学新生父母教养方式、应对效能和心理适应性的关系

The Relationship of University Freshmen' Parental Rearing Patterns,Coping Self-efficacy and Psychological Adaptability

目的探讨大学新生的父母教养方式和心理适应性之间的关系,以及应对效能在其中的中介效应。方法选取父母养育方式评价量表、心理适应性量表和应对效能量表对2632名大学新生进行问卷调查。结果①父母积极的教养方式与心理适应性呈显著性正相关(r=0.358,0.263;P<0.01),父母消极的教养方式与心理适应性呈显著性负相关(r=-0.164,-0.157,-0.196,-0.233,-0.156,-0.181,-0.195;P<0.01);②父母积极的教养方式对大学新生心理适应性有直接正效应(t=19.642,14.011;P<0.001),父母消极的教养方式对心理适应性有直接负效应(t=-8.451,-8.112,-9.974,-12.005,-8.012,-9.310,-10.112;P<0.001);③应对效能在父母教养方式与心理适应性之间具有中介效应:父母积极的教养方式通过应对效能对大学新生的心理适应性有间接正效应,父母消极的教养方式通过应对效能对大学新生的心理适应性有间接负效应。结论父母的教养方式不仅可以直接对大学新生的心理适应性造成影响,还通过影响应对效能间接影响大学新生的心理适应性。

Objective To explore the relationship between parental rearing patterns and psychological adaptability of university freshmen,and the mediating effect of coping self-efficacy on them.Methods EMBU,Psychological adaptability scale,Coping efficacy questionnaire were administered to 2632 university freshmen.Results ①Positive parental rearing styles and psychological adaptation showed significantly positive correlation（r=0.358,0.263;P0.01）,negative parental rearing styles and psychological adaptation showed significantly negative correlation（r=-0.164,-0.157,-0.196,-0.233,-0.156,-0.181,-0.195;P0.01）.②Positive parental parenting styles had directly positive effect on university freshmen＇ psychological adaptation（t=19.642,14.011;P0.001）,and negative parental parenting styles had directly negative effect on mental adaptation（t=-8.451,-8.112,-9.974,-12.005,-8.012,-9.310,-10.112;P0.001）.③Coping self-efficacy had mediating effect in parental rearing pattern and psychological adaptation：Positive parental rearing patterns had indirectly positive effect on freshmen＇ psychological adaptation by coping efficacy,and negative parental rearing patterns had indirectly negative effect on freshmen＇s psychological adaptation through coping efficacy.Conclusion Parental rearing pattern not only has a direct role on the university freshmen＇ psychological adaptation,but also indirectly influences it through their coping self-efficacy.