医护专科新生心理健康与个性特征

Relationship between Mental Health Status and Personality Characteristics in Medical and Nursing College Students

目的了解医护学生的心理健康状态,探讨医护学生的心理健康与个性特征的关系。方法采用大学生心理健康问卷(UPI)和艾森克人格问卷(EPQ)集体施测于2187名医护专科新生。结果①新生的心理健康状况总体良好,第一类学生筛选率为24.14%,有自杀意念的学生占1.87%;男生的心理健康水平比女生高(t=-4.07,P<0.001);不同专业学生的心理健康水平没有差异;②男女生在EPQ问卷的精神质P(t=9.05,3.92;P<0.001)、内-外倾E(t=-2.30,-5.18;P<0.001)、神经质N(t=11.29,5.19;P<0.001)3个分量表上分数与常模均存在显著差异;男女生在N分量表上的分数差异极其显著,女生的分数显著高于男生(t=-5.72,P<0.001);③UPI评定的三类学生在EPQ问卷的P(F=107.23,P<0.001)、E(F=164.28,P<0.001)、N(F=601.92,P<0.001)、L(F=129.56,P<0.001)分量表上的差异均极其显著。结论个性对心理健康存在影响,性格越外向,情绪越稳定,自控能力越强,心理健康水平越高。

Objective To investigate the mental health status of students in medical college and its relationship with personality characteristics.Methods A total of 2187 freshmen from medical college were tested with University Personality Inventory（UPI） and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire（EPQ）.Results The mental health status of freshmen students was well,24.14% of them were categorized as UPI classⅠ,1.87% of them had the intention of suicide;the level of mental health of boys was higher than that of girls（t=-4.07,P0.001）;in the P（t=9.05,3.92;P0.001）,E（t=-2.30,-5.18;P0.001）,N（t=11.29,5.19;P0.001）subscales of EPQ,there were significant differences between the freshmen in medical college and the norm;in E subscale the difference between boy students and girl students was extremely significant,the score of girls was higher than boys＇（t=-5.72,P0.001）.In each of the four subscales（F=107.23,164.28,601.92,129.56;P0.001）,the difference among the three categorized classes of UPI was extremely significant.Conclusion Personality characteristics has an impact on mental health;And extroversion,high emotional stability and high self-control can promote the level of mental health.