171例儿童严重药品不良反应文献分析

Literature Analysis of 171 Cases of Severe Adverse Drug Reactions in Children

目的对儿童严重药品不良反应文献进行分析,了解儿童药品不良反应发生的基本情况及其特点。方法以"儿童用药"、"不良反应"为关键词,通过中国知网(CNKI)中文期刊检索了2000～2013年与儿童用药不良反应相关文献,对严重药品不良反应进行统计分析。结果儿童严重药品不良反应涉及主要为抗微生物药物、中药制剂、抗癫痫药物、解热镇痛药物。不良反应主要表现为:全身性的严重过敏反应、以严重皮疹、皮炎、多形性红斑为主的皮肤及附件损害、以及血尿、蛋白尿等的泌尿系统损害。结论医院应重视临床抗微生物药物和中药制剂的合理使用,注意收集儿童用药安全信息,重视药品不良反应监测及上报工作,保障患儿安全用药。

Objective To analyze the literature of adverse drug reaction（ADR） of children,to understand the regularity and features of ADR.Methods Using ＂pediatric drug＂ and ＂adverse reaction＂ as the keywords,searched the online journals of CNKI for children ADR reported in China between 2000-2013,and analyzeed the severe ADR.Results The severe ADR in children associated drug mainly involved the antimicrobial drugs,Chinese medicine preparations,antiepileptic drugs,and analgesic-antipyretic drugs.The manifestations of the severe ADR include severe systemic allergic reaction,dermatitis,skin and adnexa damage,hematuria and proteinuria of urinary system damage.Conclusion More attention shoud be paid to the management of antimicrobial drugs and Chinese medicine preparations.The hospital should collect information on medicines in children.Pay attention to the work of monitoring of ADR cases to ensure the safety of medication in children.