栓皮栎软木的夹砂和夹杂构造特征与化学组分分析

Cell structure and chemical components of sclereids and lenticels from Quercus variabilis cork

【目的】研究栓皮栎软木中的杂质与纯软木的不同,以有效去除软木中的夹砂和夹杂。【方法】以陕西产栓皮栎软木为材料,分析其杂质的结构及主要化学成分的质量分数,并与纯软木细胞进行比较。【结果】夹砂的细胞排列紧密,细胞壁较厚,为白色,细胞腔内充有白色物质,其木栓脂、纤维素和木质素的质量分数分别为1.65%,28.57%和26.31%;夹杂的细胞整体上排列比较疏松,细胞间隙发达,其木栓脂、纤维素和木质素的质量分数分别为2.20%,23.61%和24.32%;纯软木细胞为充满空气的薄壁细胞,相邻细胞交错排列,且排列紧密,无细胞间隙,似蜂窝状,其木栓脂、纤维素和木质素的质量分数分别为38.93%,7.89%和21.64%。【结论】栓皮栎软木中夹砂和夹杂与纯软木细胞的结构、主要化学成分的质量分数均不同,因而性能也不同。纤维素和木质素的质量分数高,木栓脂的质量分数低,是软木杂质硬而脆、弹性小的主要原因。

【Objective】 The research was to study the differences between purities from Quercus variabilis cork and cork so as to effectively remove sclereids and lenticels from cork.【Method】 Q.variabilis cork from Shaanxi province was chosen as the experiment materials.The cell structure and main chemical components of sclereids and lenticels of cork were studied and compared with cork cells.【Result】 The cell wall of sclereids was thick and white with white matter in the cell lumen,the suberin,cellulose and lignin contents were 1.65%,28.57% and 26.31%,respectively.The cells and tissue of lenticels arranged loosely with large intercellular space.The suberin,cellulose and lignin contents of lenticels were 2.20%,23.61% and 24.32%,respectively.Cork cells were parenchyma cells filled with air,staggered with adjacent cells,packed tightly without gap,and looked like a honeycomb.The suberin,cellulose and lignin contents of cork were as 38.93%,7.89% and 21.64%,respectively.【Conclusion】 The structure and main chemical components of sclereids and lenticels were compared to cork cells,and the results showed that the structure,main chemical components of them were different,so as to their properties.High cellulose and lignin contents and low suberin contents resulted in hard and brittle impurities and less flexibility.