武汉市外来女性务工人员心理健康状况及其影响因素分析

Study on the Factors of Mental Health Status of Female Migrant Workers and the Influencing Factors of Wuhan

目的了解武汉市外来女性务工人员心理健康状况及其影响因素,为在武汉市有针对性地开展外来女性务工人员心理保健服务提供依据。方法以症状自评量表(SCL-90)及社会支持评定量表(SSRS)对来自2个社区的1 700名女性外来劳务工进行问卷调查。结果武汉市外来女性务工人员SCL-90各因子均分都显著高于国内女性常模(P<0.05),抑郁及焦虑是最严重的心理问题;不同年龄组的调查对象SCL-90各因子均分有差异;武汉市外来女性务工人员的心理健康状况与社会支持呈负相关。结论在对外来女性务工人员进行心理干预时,应以预防或改善其抑郁或焦虑为重点,同时结合不同年龄段妇女的生理特点,对外来女性务工人员普及相应的心理保健知识及提供相应的主观或客观的社会支持。

OBJECTIVE To understand the mental health status and influencing factors of female migrant workers in Wuhan, and to provide references for developing suitable mental health services for female migrant workers. METHOD A questionnaire survey based on SCL-90 and SSRS was used to understand the mental health status and influencing factors of 1 700 female migrant workers from 2 community in Wuhan. RESULTS In the 1 700 female migrant workers, the most serious psychological problems were depression and anxiety, and the average scores in all fields of SCL-90 were higher than the national normal average scores. There were differences among the mental health status of female migrant workers in different ages. There was negative correlation between the mental health status and social support of female migrant workers in Wuhan. CONCLUSIONS To improve the mental status of female migrant workers in Wuhan, preventing or relieving the depression and anxiety of female migrant workers have high priority, and at the same time provide appropriate mental health knowledge and appropriate social support according to the physiological characterstics of women at different ages.