生态语言学角度下的双语现象浅析

Analysis of Bilingualism from an Ecolinguistic Point of View

生态语言学旨在把语言作为物种,研究其与环境之间的相互作用关系。从生态语言学角度可将双语现象解释为语言群体中多样化的语言使用导致了语际间的竞争和共存,造成语言的寄生和共生。双语现象在语言生态环境中形成的因素包括外在生态因素和内在生态因素,二者的共同作用导致两种不同的语言物种在语言群落中形成相互影响、互利共生的关系。

Ecolinguistics views a language as a species, aiming to study the interactions between the language and the environment. And bilingualism is also an important content of linguistics. As an ecolinguistic point of view, the bilingualism can be interpreted as competition and coexistence of languages because of the diver- sity in language communities, which result in the parasitism and symbiosis of language. The factors of the bilingualism include external ecological factors and internal ecological factors. With the combined effect of the two factors, these two different language species influence each other in the language communities and build up a symbiotic relationship.