中国城乡义务教育均衡度的测评和政策建议——基于起点、过程与结果均衡三个维度

Monitoring and promotion of urban and rural compulsory education equalization:Bsaed on three perspectives of start, process and result

基于起点均衡、过程均衡与结果均衡,建立测评指标体系,对中国城乡义务教育均衡度进行测评。结果显示,其不均衡既表现在义务教育起点的教育机会分配上,也体现在义务教育过程的财政经费投入、硬件设备与师资力量等义务教育资源配置上,更体现在义务教育结果的学业成绩与升学率方面。基于测评结果,从加快义务教育均衡立法步骤、加大对农村义务教育的投入、加强转移支付制度建设、加强城乡师资队伍建设交流机制等方面提出了政策建议。

A 3D dynamic model and indicator system was built to monitored the current situation of urban and rural compulsory education equalization from three aspects： equalization of start,process equalization and result equalization.The result showed that the inequality of our country’s urban and rural compulsory education existed in education opportunity allocation,financial funding,hardware devices including faculty,academic performance and the rate of entering a higher school.Based on the monitoring result,this paper proposed some suggestions to promote the urban and rural compulsory education equalization： to quicken the legislature for compulsory education equalization,to increase the educational investment in the rural compulsory education,to tighten up the transfer payment system,to strengthen the interflow of teacher staff between urban and rural schools.