SMA丝驱动的仿生尾鳍推进器的实验研究

Experimental Research on Bionic Caudal Fin Actuated by SMA Wires

为了研究鱼类尾鳍的推进机理,在研究鱼类尾鳍结构的基础上,研制了形状记忆合金(SMA)丝驱动的仿生尾鳍推进器,并完成了其推进性能试验,得到了动作参数、被动尾鳍形态、尺寸对推进力的影响。为进一步研究其流场机制,研制了基于改性聚四氟乙烯微粉(PTFE)的液面流场显示系统,并在该系统上对尾鳍推进器摆动后的涡环形成过程进行了可视化研究,实验结果验证了文献中鱼类真实尾鳍的游动特点和游动机制,可见所研制的仿生尾鳍推进器仿生性能好,适用于鱼类游动机理研究,并为仿生鱼的研制奠定了基础。

To study the movement mechanism of fish caudal fin,a bionic caudal fin propulsor actuated by SMA wires imitating the real fin well was developed based on studying its structure.The propulsive performance experimental results revealed the relation between thrust with action parameters,configuration and dimension of caudal fin.For further research on the hydromechanical mechanism,a surface flow display system was developed based on poly tetra fluoro ethylene（PTFE） micro powder.Visualization research of the formation process of vortex ring produced by the bionic propulsor was successfully done on the forementioned system.The experimental results approve of the swimming characters and mechanism of caudal fin.The bionic caudal fin is suited to research fish swimming mechanism and as a groundwork for further research on bionic robot fish.