干旱灾害成因及对策研究

The Study on Causes and Solutions of Drought Damage

干旱是影响我国工农业发展的重要制约因素。文章通过对我国60年来的干旱资料统计,分析我国干旱灾害的时空分布特征及产生原因。结果表明:近60年来,我国干旱灾害的受灾面积、成灾面积、经济损失有逐步增加的趋势,灾害发生的频率也在不断加快,总体上都有不断加重的趋势。通过对我国干旱灾害的成因分析,建立防灾抗旱的社会保障措施和强化旱作农业新技术的研究与应用等减灾对策与措施。

It is the draught deemed as a chief factor that restricts development of the civil agriculture and industry.This paper analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics and causes of drought damages according to civil droughts statistics during the last 60 years.It was proved that the droughts stricken area,damaged area and economic loss were continuously growing.Meanwhile,the frequency of drought occurrence was increasing as well.All the trends developed towards more and more severely as a whole in the recent three decades.Through the analysis of the causes of civil drought damages,it was suggested that social security measures should be adopted for preventing and combating droughts,more attention should be drawn to researches on damage-reduction solutions and measures,and as well as application of new technologies in dry farming correspondingly.