基于空间分辨率的无线传感网节点调度策略

Node scheduling scheme based on spatial resolution in wireless sensor networks

节点调度策略是解决无线传感器网络(WSN)能量受限和覆盖高度冗余的一种有效方法,但在节能的同时又必须满足覆盖率的需求。针对随机调度中的能量消耗不均衡且使用不合理等问题,提出一种基于空间分辨率的节点调度策略。该策略通过控制区域中的活动节点数来保障网络的覆盖率要求,并利用剩余能量来均衡化各节点的能耗。同时借助邻居节点保障机制,一方面关闭休眠节点的实时监听,减少不合理的能耗;另一方面缓解节点轮休时可能出现的覆盖漏洞问题,有效保障网络覆盖率。仿真结果表明,该策略在网络覆盖率、生存期以及节点间的能耗均衡度等方面的性能表现优于Gur Game等调度算法。

Node scheduling scheme is an effective approach to solve problems of energy constraints and high coverage redundancy in Wireless Sensor Network（WSN）.However,it should satisfy the requirements of coverage rate as well as energy saving.To solve the problems of unbalanced and inefficient energy consumption of nodes in random node scheduling schemes,a node scheduling scheme based on spatial resolution was proposed.This scheme maintained coverage rate by controlling the number of active nodes in a deployed area,and balanced the remaining energy of every node.Meanwhile,a neighbor nodes protection mechanism was adopted to ensure that the dormant nodes closed real-time listening to reduce energy consumption,and the demand of coverage rate was fulfilled effectively due to relieving the situation of coverage holes which may occur when nodes take turns to rest.The simulation results indicate the performance of this scheme is superior to other similar schemes in coverage rate,lifetime and balance of energy consumption among nodes.