认知和情感教育对康复期精神分裂症患者的影响

The effect of cognitive and emotional education on patients with schizophrenia during recovery

目的本研究旨在建立系统的、由临床护士实施的，针对康复期精神分裂症患者的认知和情感教育项目，并观察其近期效果。方法选取146名符合ICD一10精神分裂症诊断的患者作为研究对象，实验组74例，对照组72例。两组均进行详细的出院指导及为期12周的心理教育；实验组在此基础上进行认知和情感教育，观察1年，比较两组效果。结果简明精神病症状评定量表（BPRS）评分实验组和对照组分别为（24．41±3．35）分、（39．15±5．28）分，两组差异有显著性意义（P〈0．01）；精神病患者护士观察量表（NOSIE）积极因素和消极因素评分两组分别为（46．43±11．54）分、（20．12±8．49）分和（34。88±12．72）分、（45．88±13．46）分，两组比较，差异均有显著性意义（均P〈0．01）；两组服药完全依从性分别为56．76％、27．78％，差异有显著性意义（P〈0．05）；两组年复发率分别为16．22％、47．22％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对患者进行认知和情感教育后，患者社会功能明显提高，复发率显著下降。

Objective To explore the effect of cognitive and emotional education on patients with schizophrenia during recovery. Methods Totaled of 146 consistent with ICD - 10 diagnosis of schizophrenia patients were selected as research subjects in the experimental group 74 cases and 72 patients in control group. All the patients in both groups adopted detailed discharge guidance and psychological educa- tion for 12 weeks. Based on it, the patients in the experimental group received cognitive and emotional education. Last for 1 year, the effects were compared between two groups. Results The results of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale symptoms （BPRS） total score of experimental and control group were respectively （24.41± 3.35） points, （39.15 ± 5.28） points, the difference was significant （P 〈0. 01） ; Nurses Observation Scale for psychiatric patients （NOSIE） positive and negative factors scores were respectively （46. 43 ± 11.54 ） points, （20. 12 ± 8.49） points and （ 34. 89 ± 12. 71 ） points, （45.86 ± 13.45 ） points. The differences were significant （ all P 〈 0. 05 ） ; Medi- cation compliance was respectively 64. 86% , 41.67% , the difference was significant （P 〈 0.05 ） ; two -year recurrence rate was respective- ly 16. 22% , 47. 22 % n two groups, the difference was significant （P 〈 0.05 ） . Conclusions After cognitive and emotional education on the patients with schizophrenia, social function was significantly improved, the recurrence rate was significantly decreased.