基于树状大分子的磁共振成像造影剂研究进展

Progress in Dendrimer-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents

目前临床用的小分子量磁共振造影剂存在血液半衰期短、在较高浓度时表现出肾脏毒性和非特异性等许多缺点,基于树状大分子的造影剂家族为磁共振成像(MRI)开辟出一条新的道路.综述了基于树状大分子的T1和T2磁共振成像造影剂研究进展.与小分子造影剂相比,基于树状大分子的磁共振成像造影剂具有更高的摩尔弛豫率,且能特异性靶向癌症、肿瘤细胞或组织用于靶向诊断成像,成像效果更好、血液循环时间延长,这些优点使基于树状大分子的T1和T2磁共振成像造影剂在近10年来得到广泛的研究与应用.

The currently used contrast agents with small moelcualr weights for magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） have many drawbacks such as rapid clearance rates from vascular circulation, renal toxicity at a relatively high concentration, and non-specificity. Dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents open up a new pathway to overcome the above disadvantages. A brief literature survey of recent advances in the dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents is given. Compared with Conventional low molecular weight contrast agents, dendrimer-based MRI contrast agents are able to improve T1 or T2 relaxivity, to specifically target cancerous tissues for targeted imaging, and to prolong the blood circulation times. These advantages of the dendrimer-based T1 and T2 MRI contrast agents enable them to be widely used in various MRI applications in the last decades.