明清小说宝物崇拜的社会心理学审视

The Social Psychology Survey of the Treasure Adoration in Ming-Qing Novels

在外来先进兵器触发下,明代加速引进和仿制火炮等长距离攻击性武器,并尽快运用于实战。明代中后期兵书丛集,倡扬军械更新,其与明清小说宝物描写至为相关。小说人物借助宝物更加超人化,而宝物也再造了人物形象,使一批平凡人物变成了超凡英雄,构成了系列作品的神奇英雄谱系、群像。时代现实的经验教训使人认识到,战争就是在较量彼此战争武器的装备和运用上,而想像中的文学世界则把观念形象化和趣味化了。明清小说中与战争相关的宝物文学描写,的确都或多或少含有了"落后就要挨打"的深层文化观念。

Under the influence of the advanced weapons made in the western countries,the far distance weapons,such as the artillery,were quickly imported,imitated,and utilized in the actual combats in Ming dynasty.In the mid and final period of the Ming Dynasty,many books on strategics were written,and the renovation of weapons was advocated,which had a close relation to the treasure description in the novels.The treasure description made the novel's characters supermen,and also made some ordinary characters super heroes.As a result,the group images of the supernatural hero were formed in a series of novels.People held that the actual combat was the competition of the weapon equipment and their application,which was visualized in an interesting way in the fanciful literary world.The cultural ideas that 'one will get beaten because of backwardness' can be reflected in the treasure descriptions related to the combat in Ming-Qing novels.