自动气象站监测运行能力可靠性评估

Assessment of Operational Capacity of Automatic Weather Stations Using Reliabity Data

自动气象站运行能力的评估,其实质就是对自动气象站可靠性的评估,其目的在于指导自动气象站保障维护体系的建立和健全。借鉴大气透明度定义探讨自动气象站可靠性,解释产品可靠性指数分布的物理意义。根据模型统计分析在修改采集器设计、增加状态检测电路后自动气象站的运行能力(平均无故障时间),计算出实验考核指标。通过试验获得试验产品的平均无故障时间和置信度0.95下的最小无故障时间,并对将投入业务使用的双套站和三套站系统,在平均无故障时间和平均维修周期上做了相关讨论,为科学决策提供相关技术支持。

The essential factor for determining the operational capability of automatic weather stations is its reliability; the purpose of operational capability assessment of automatic weather stations is to guide the establishment and improvement of the support and maintenance system for automatic weather stations. Based on a measurement model of atmospheric transparency, the reliability of automatic weather stations is discussed and the physical meaning of the exponential distribution of product reliability is explained. According to the model, the operation capacity （MTBF： Mean Time Between Failures） of the automatic weather stations is defermined by its relibility after adjusting the collection of data, and calculating the relevant evaluation parameters. The MTBF and the minimum time to fail （with the confidence level being 0.95） of the experimental products were obtained by experiments. The MTBF and the average maintenance cyc provide technica e of the double or three-station system that will be implemenfed are discussed, which can support for scientific decision-making.