短信平台教育在慢性肾脏病患者自我管理中的应用

Application of Health Education via SMS Platform on the Self-management among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

目的通过短信平台定期向慢性肾脏病患者发送自我管理及健康教育内容,以增强患者的自我效能、改善其自我管理能力。方法选择2011年11月至2012年4月瑞金医院肾脏内科诊断为慢性肾脏病1～4期且能独立查看手机短信的患者108例,按随机数字表法分为两组:短信对照组患者接受常规健康指导;短信干预组患者出院后,护士通过医院短信平台向患者手机定期发送短信,内容主要为自我管理及健康教育内容;比较两组患者出院后3个月的自我管理行为及自我效能。结果出院前,两组患者的自我管理行为及自我效能水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);出院后3个月,短信干预组在运动锻炼、饮食控制、认知症状管理、与医生沟通等方面的自我管理得分及症状管理、疾病共性管理等方面的自我效能得分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论短信平台教育能提高慢性肾脏病患者的自我管理能力,增强其自我效能。

Objective To enhance self-efficacy level and to improve self-management capacity for patients with chronic kidney disease by sending health education messages about self-management skills regularly via SMS platform. Methods Totally 108 patients with chronic kidney disease （CKD1-4） who were able to view SMS independently were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. The control group received routine health education, while the intervention group received routine self-management and health education from hospital SMS platform for three months after discharge. Self-management behavior and self-efficacy level were compared between the two groups three months after discharge. Results No significant difference about self-management behavior and self-efficacy were detected between the two groups before discharge （P〉0. 05）. The intervention group in all aspects of the self-management （exercise, diet control, cognitive symptom management, communica- tion with doctors） and self-efficacy were significantly better than those in the control group three months after discharge（P〈0.05）. Conclusion Chronic kidney disease patients can improve self-management skills and enhance self-efficacy via SMS platform for education effectively.