中国水产养殖业水环境管理现状与应对——基于国际经验视角

Current Situation of China' Aquaculture Water Environment Management and Its Development Countermeasures

作为全球最大的水产养殖国,我国水产养殖业对水环境影响巨大,水产养殖业水环境形势严峻。我国目前水产养殖业的水环境管理在政府行政管理、法律制度、养殖户自身管理、消费者与周边居民监督等四方面都存在着各种现实问题。结合国际水产养殖业水环境管理的经验,本文提出了相应的对策建议:设立水产养殖业水环境管理专门机构,理顺管理体制;完善法律体系,加大执法力度;发挥养殖户主体作用;调动渔业协同管理机能;提高水产养殖户和相关民众的环保意识。

Having the world＇s largest aquaculture,the impact of China＇s aquaculture on water environment is huge,and the aquaculture＇s water environmental situation is very grim.Generally,there are problems in four aspects for China＇s aquaculture water environment management： government administration,legal system,farmers＇ own management as well as the supervision of the surrounding residents and consumers.Based on experience from international aquaculture water environment management,this paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures： to establish a special aquaculture water environment management institutions,to straighten out management system;to perfect the legal system,and to intensify law enforcement;to encourage farmers play active role,and to cultivate the fishery cooperative management function;to improve the farmers and related people＇s environmental awareness.