明清白话小说与大型语文辞书编撰——以《石点头》词语对《汉语大词典》补正为例

Vernacular Fictions in Ming and Qing Dynasties and Large-scale Chinese Dictionary Compilation:with Special Reference to the amendments of Shidiantou to Great Dictionary of Chinese

明清白话小说代表了白话小说发展的最高成就,从语言文字使用方面来看,明清时期白话文发展已成熟,小说语言反映了当时文字使用的真实情况,可以为当代大型语文词典的编撰提供重要的参考价值。文章从词语书证滞后、词语没有书证、词语失收三个方面探讨《石点头》对《汉语大词典》的补正作用。

The novels of Ming and Qing dynasties represented the highest achievement of the vernacular novel creation.From the perspective of language use,the vernacular in Ming and Qing dynasties has matured and the language in fiction represented the real status of language use.It can shed light on large-scale dictionary compilation.This paper discusses the amendments of Shidiantou to Great Dictionary of Chinese from three aspects： some words lagging behind of documentary evidence,some words lacking documentary evidence and some words missed in the dictionary.