一事不再理原则的理论基础与司法实践

The Basic Connotation and Judicial Practice of Non Bis In Idem

一事不再理原则作为我国民事诉讼中的重要原则,在司法实践中发挥着极为重要的作用。然而,由于我国对于一事不再理原则中的两大理论基础:诉讼标的与既判力的研究起步较晚,认识不够深入,使得该原则在适用范围的界定上出现了争议。结合一事不再理原则的理论基础和司法实践,该原则应体现既判力和诉讼标的两大基础理论的内在要求与约束,即对于已经生效的裁判,同一当事人不得就同一原因事实重复提起诉讼。在内涵与本质上,理顺一事不再理原则中安定与公平的关系,才能体现该原则的整体价值。

Non bis in idem principle is an important principle in civil procedure in China and plays a very important role in the judicial practice.However,the two theoretical bases of non bis in idem principle——the research of object of action and adjudged force,started relatively late in China;people lack of in-depth understanding of the principle.And there are some disputes about defining the applicable scope of the principle.Combined with the basic connotation and judicial practice,it should express the inherent requirement and constraints of the principle.That is to say,an executed judgment should not arise by the same party for the same cause of action.The whole value of the principal could be shown only by straightening out the relationship between the stability and fairness.