清乾隆朝内府藏书画分类问题初探

Primary Exploration of Question of Classification of Calligraphy and Painting Collected by the Imperial Storehouse in Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty

清乾隆朝内府收藏书画数量宏富,种类繁多。在材质和工艺上,除传统书画之外,还有缂丝、绣线、纸织、藤织书画;在题材上主要分为宗教类和非宗教类书画,而非宗教类书画基本涵盖所有画科;在书画年代上,可分为历朝书画和清代书画两大部分,其中清代书画又包括清初三朝宸翰、乾隆御笔、臣工以及其他书画家作品、无名氏作品;在书画装裱品式上,主要包括册、卷、轴三大类型。本文试对其所藏书画的分类问题进行初步的探讨与研究。

There were a large amount and sorts of calligraphy and painting collection in the imperial storehouse in Qianlong Period of the Qing Dynasty. To classify them on material and technique, besides traditional calligraphy and painting, there were tapestry, embroidery thread, knitting, woven rattan painting paper on theme, they were divided into religious and non-religious calligraphy and painting, and the latter contained nearly all painting sorts on time of the works, they were divided into works of the Qing Dynasty and other dynasties, and those of Qing included emperors'ink works of the first three periods of Qing, emperor Qianlong'works, officials'works and those of other calligraphers and painters, as well as those of anonymous artists on mounting types, there were three types as volume, scroll volume, and shaft.