慢性荨麻疹患者血清中特异性IgE和IgG检测的临床应用

Clinical application of serum specific IgE and IgG detection in chronic urticaria patients

目的:探讨慢性荨麻疹患者血清特异性IgE(sIgE)和特异性IgG(sIgG)检测的意义及其在临床中的应用。方法:对593例慢性荨麻疹患者采用免疫印迹法检测血清中食物过敏原和吸入性过敏原sIgE,同时采用酶联免疫法检测血清中食物sIgG,并在不同年龄组间进行比较。结果:593例慢性荨麻疹患者食物sIgG的总阳性率为76.73%,前4位的食物依次是鸡蛋、牛奶、蟹和大豆。食物sIgE的总阳性率为54.13%,前4位的食物依次是蟹、虾、牛奶和腰果;食物sIgG和sIgE的检测结果不一致(P<0.01)。不同年龄组的过敏原检测结果有所不同,吸入性过敏原sIgE的总阳性率为89.38%,前3位依次均是户尘螨、矮豚草、霉菌组合。结论:联合测定患者血清中sIgE和sIgG是寻找慢性荨麻疹患者过敏原的有效方法。尽早采取有效的环境控制和食物规避,对预防和治疗急性荨麻疹及慢性荨麻疹急性发作相当重要。

Objective： To investigate the significance of sIgE and sIgG detection and their clinical application in chronic urticaria serum patients. Methods ： 593 cases of chronic urticaria patients were recruited in this study. The food and inhalant slgE were detected using immunoblot assay from serum of chronic urticaria patients, while enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied for slgG detection. The results in different age groups were compared. Results： The positive rate of ingested sIgG in 593 patients was 76.73 % , the top four food was eggs, milk, crab and soybean. The ingested sIgE positive rate was 54. 13%, and the top four food was crab, shrimp, milk and cashew nuts. Food sIgG and sIgE test results were significantly different（ P 〈0.01 ）. The anaphylactogen in different age groups was not the same. The total positive rate of inhalation of allergen sIgE was 89.38%, the top three was dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dwarf ragweed, and mold combination. Conclusion： The combined determination of serum slgE and slgG is the best effective method to look for allergen in chronic urticaria patients. It is important to control the environment and food for the prevention and treatment of acute urticaria and acute attack of chronic urticaria.