207例病理性乳头溢液的临床回顾性分析

Retrospective analysis of 207 patients with pathological nipple discharge

目的:病理性乳头溢液的病因主要以良性病变为主,但仍有恶性病变的可能,病理性乳头溢液可为乳腺癌唯一或首发症状。本研究旨在探讨与病理性乳头溢液患者病变性质相关的临床因素。方法:回顾性分析吉林大学第一医院乳腺外科2000年1月至2009年12月间207例病理性乳头溢液患者的临床资料。结果:单因素分析中年龄>50岁、伴乳房肿块或乳腺钙化是乳头溢液患者与乳腺癌相关的高危因素(P<0.05);溢液的性状、病程长短对病变性质的鉴别无明确临床意义(P>0.05)。多因素分析中年龄>50岁、伴乳房肿块和伴乳腺钙化是乳头溢液患者与乳腺癌相关的高危因素(P<0.05)。结论:患者年龄、是否伴乳房肿块及乳腺钙化对鉴别导致乳头溢液病变的良、恶性具有重要临床意义。

Objective： Pathological nipple discharge （PND） is commonly associated with benign breast disorders. However, PND lesions can also be malignant and can be the initial or unique presenting symptom of breast cancer. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the clinical factors and the character of PND lesions. Methods： The clinical data of 207 patients with PND as their primary complaint were retrospectively analyzed. Results： Univariate analysis showed that the risk factors for breast cancer usually increase in patients with PND accompanied by a breast lump or breast calcification or those aged over 50 （P〈0.05）. The characteristics and course of PND were not correlated with the diagnoses of benign and malignant degrees of PND （P〉0.05）. Multivariate analysis indicated that patients aged over 50 with PND accompanied by a breast lump or breast calcification have a higher risk of suffering from breast cancer. Conclusion： The ages of patients with PND accompanied by a breast lump or breast calcification may significantly affect the diagnosis of benign and malignant PND lesions.