喷灌对冬小麦植株氮素积累运转及籽粒蛋白质含量的影响

Effects of sprinkler irrigation on the plant nitrogen accumulation and translocation and kernel protein content of winter wheat

以百农矮抗58为试验材料,以地面灌溉为对照,采用大田试验的方法,研究了喷灌对冬小麦植株氮素积累运转及蛋白质含量的影响.结果表明:拔节期喷灌条件下冬小麦植株氮素积累量与地面灌溉条件下相比没有显著差异;孕穗期至成熟期,喷灌条件下冬小麦植株氮素积累量显著高于地面灌溉条件.喷灌条件下叶片、茎鞘、颖壳开花前贮藏氮素的运转量和对籽粒氮素的贡献率均大于地面灌溉条件;而开花后同化氮素对籽粒的贡献率较地面灌溉条件降低.喷灌条件下冬小麦籽粒的蛋白质含量和蛋白质产量较地面灌溉条件显著提高.表明喷灌可明显调节冬小麦氮素物质运转和籽粒蛋白质积累.

Taking wheat cultivar Bainong AK58 as test material, a field experiment was conducted to study the plant nitrogen accumulation and translocation and kernel protein content of winter wheat under sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation, aimed to understand the differences in the nitrogen metabolism characteristics of winter wheat under different irrigation regimes. At booting stage, no significant difference was observed in the total amount of plant nitrogen accumulation between sprinkler irrigation and surface irrigation; while from booting stage to maturing stage, the total amount of plant nitrogen accumulation under sprinkler irrigation was significantly higher. Under sprinkler irrigation, the translocation amount and contribution rate of the nitrogen stored in leaf, glume, stem and sheath at pre-anthesis to the kernel increased, while the contribution rate of the assimilated nitrogen after anthesis to the kernel nitrogen declined. Both the relative protein content and the total protein yield in the kernel increased significantly under sprinkler irrigation. In conclusion, sprinkler irrigation could significantly regulate the nitrogen translocation and kernel protein accumulation of winter wheat.