新疆煤基碳纳米管的调控制备

Controllable Preparation of Carbon Nanotubes from Xinjiang Coal

以新疆产煤为碳源,采用直流电弧放电法制备了不同管径的碳纳米管。利用场发射扫描电子显微镜、高倍透射电子显微镜、激光显微共聚焦拉曼光谱仪等对产物进行了表征。研究结果表明:在新疆大黄山、黑山和库车煤田的产煤中,库车产煤是用直流电弧放电法制备碳纳米管的最优碳源。以此为原料,镍粉和硫化亚铁混合物为催化剂,Ar气氛下可得到直径约为500 nm的竹节状碳纳米管,其缺陷密度比相同条件下N2和He气氛所得碳纳米管的缺陷密度小,并探讨了Ar气氛下煤基竹节状碳纳米管的生长机理。

Carbon nanotubes （CNTs） were synthesized by of coal （Dahuangshan, Heishan, Kuche） from Xinjiang, catalysts and atmospheres on the yield and morphologies direct current arc discharge using three different types and the effects of coal species, currents, pressures, of CNTs were investigated. The starting material, i.e., coal, was investigated by thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction. In addition, the composition of the three types of coal was tested by industrial analysis and elemental analysis. The CNT samples obtained under different synthesis conditions were studied by field-emission scanning electron microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. Based on the analyses of different starting coal, catalysts and synthesis atmospheres, it was found that the highest yield of CNTs was obtained using Kuche coal with 12% mixture of the nickel and ferrous sulfide, and the CNTs obtained under argon have a more uniform structure. The average diameter of CNTs obtained under argon, nitrogen and helium decrease successively. The results showed that the structure and the diameter distribution of CNTs varied with different gases used during synthesis. The mechanism on the formation of different structural CNTs was discussed.