心理干预在结核病患者随访过程中的效果分析

Effect of psychological intervention in patients with tuberculosis in the process of follow-up analysis

目的探讨上海市真新街道社区医生在结核病患者追踪随访过程中应用心理干预技巧对辖区内结核病患者随访时的效果。方法将2009年10月～2010年9月发现的24例结核病作为对照组，2010年10月～2011年9月发现的26例结核病作为干预组，对照组患者做常规随访及家庭督导员培训，干预组则在患者强化治疗期间同时给患者及家庭督导员进行心理干预。通过采用焦虑自评量表（SAS）、抑郁自评量表（SDS）、上海市肺结核病《短程督导治疗》记录卡评定两组之间的差别。结果干预前两组患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪差异无显著性（P〉0．05），干预后观察组患者焦虑、抑郁等负性情绪显著低于对照组（P〈0．05），家庭督导员对上海市肺结核病《短程督导治疗》记录卡记录的及时性明显高于对照组。结论社区医生在肺结核病病人追踪随访时，应用一些心理干预知识可以明显改善结核病患者的负性情绪，发挥家庭督导员督促意识，增强患者的治疗信心，提高患者服用药物的依从性。

Objective To explore the effect of psychological intervention in patients with tuberculosis in the process of follow-up analysis in Zhenxin community health service center. Methods A total of 24 cases with tuberculosis were studied as control group from Oct. lst 2009 to Sep. 30th 2010 in our hospital,and 26 cases with tuberculosis were studied as intervention group from Oct.lst 2010 to Sep.3Oth 2011.The control group was given regular follow-up and family supervisor training,and the intervention group was given psychological intervention for patients and family supervisor in the period of intensive treatment.The difference of both groups was evaluated by using SAS,SDS and Shanghai tuberculosis short-range steering treatment record card. Results There was no difference of anxiety,depression and others between the two groups before psychological intervention （P 〉 0.05）,the anxiety,depression in intervention group was obviously lower than that in control group（P 〈 0.05）,the timeliness of record card in family supervisor was higher than that in control group（P 〈 0.05）. Conclusion Community doctors can improve negative emotions of patients,play a family supervisor role,strengthen the patients confidence and improve the compliance of tuberculosis patients for taking medicine by using psychological intervention knowledge during community follow-up.