歌德《席勒的遗骨》与庄子《至乐》中死亡观比较

The View on Death in Goethe’s “The Remains of Schiller”and Chung Tzu’s “The Absolute Perfection”: A Comparative Study

歌德在悼念挚友的诗作《席勒的遗骨》中表达了对生死的深刻思考,诗中凝望头骨的沉思与《庄子·至乐》中庄子对待生死的态度有许多异曲同工之处。歌德与庄子都表现出对世俗物质生活的鄙弃,坦然面对死亡。他们分别秉承泛神论与"天人合一"思想,反对教条主义,崇尚自然,二人都主张到自然那里寻求拯救和解脱,从而达到"物我无间"的境界,表现出对自然的尊重和敬畏。

Goethe expressed profound thinking upon life and death in ＂The Remains of Schiller＂. The line about him looking at the skull is very close to that in Chung Tzu＇ s ＂The Absolute Perfection＂. Both of them have peaceful attitude to death and disgust the mundane world. They hold the idea of pantheism and ＂integration of man and nature＂ respectively but they are against dogmatism and love the nature. They pursue freedom and relief in the nature where there is no obstacle between man and nature. Both of their philosophies show great re- spect and awe to the nature.