公诉人与证人法庭问答中的预设研究

The Presupposition in the Q-A of Public Prosecutor and Witness in Court

在庭审问答中,公诉人通常使用预设策略询问证人,以获得对控方有利的推理。公诉人在使用一般疑问句、附加疑问句、信息疑问句和陈述疑问句时带有一定的预设,而预设是否成立取决于证人对含预设问话的回答。是否对公诉人问话中的预设进行确认,取决于公诉人问话的目的与证人的立场是否一致。当双方目的一致时,证人倾向于采取合作态度,承认问话中的预设;当双方目的冲突时,证人倾向于采取不合作态度,否认问话中的预设;当证人对公诉人的问话目的未知时,合作与否是未知的;当证人认为公诉人的问话目的为中性时,合作与否是个变量。

In the process of court Q-A, the public prosecutor usually asks the witness the questions with presuppositions to make a favorable inference. The presuppositions are in general questions, tag questions, information questions, and statement questions, where if the presupposi- tion stands depends on the witness＇ answer. Whether confirming the presupposition depends on if the prosecutor＇ s aim of the question agrees to the witness＇ stand. When they agree on the aim, the witness tends to cooperate; when there is conflict, the witness tends to stand on the op- posite side and denies the presupposition;when the aim is unknown, whether the witness will cooperate or not is not certain;when the witness evaluates the aim as a neutral one, the possibil-ity of cooperation is variable.