甘肃省2004—2011年食物中毒事件流行特征分析

Analysis on Food Poisoning Incidents in Gansu Province from 2004 to 2011

目的:分析2004—2011年甘肃省突发并网络报告的食物中毒事件,为预防食物中毒事件发生提供相关依据。方法:对2004—2011年甘肃省网络报告的食物中毒事件进行描述性流行病学分析。结果:2004—2011年甘肃省共报告食物中毒事件73起,中毒2 311例、死亡53例,病死率为2.3%。事件发生时间主要集中在4—10月,其中9月中毒人数最多。致病因素中微生物性食物中毒为30起、植物性和动物性13起、化学性为25起;致死人数较多的因素依次为农药/鼠药(30例)、毒蘑菇(7例)、肉毒毒素(4例)、亚硝酸盐(4例)和其它(8例)。结论:报告的食物中毒事件中,微生物所导致食物中毒仍是较大的食品安全问题;而农药/鼠药中毒和蘑菇中毒是导致食物中毒事件中的主要死亡原因。农村是食物中毒的防范重点。

[Objective] To analyze the food poisoning incidents reported through the public emergency network direct reporting system in Gansu province from 2004 to 2011 and provide evidence for the prevention and control of food poisoning incidents. [Method] Descriptive ep- idemiological analysis was conducted on the data of the food poisoning incidents reported through the public emergency network direct repor- ting system in Gansu Province from 2004 to 2011. [Result] The number of food poisoning events reported in Gansu province from 2004 to 2011 was 73, the number of the patients was 2 311, the number of death cases caused by the events was 53, and the rate of fatality was 2. 3%. Most of the incidents occurred from Apirl to October, especially in September. Microorganism food poisoning incidents occurred most frequently （30 cases）, followed by chemical food poisoning （25 cases）, the last were vegetal and animal food poisoning （ 13 cases）. The death cases were mainly caused by poisonous pesticide/rodenticide poisoning （30 cases）, mushroom （7 eases）, botulinum toxin （4 ca- ses）, nitrite （4 cases） and other poisoning （8 cases）. [Conclusion] In all food poisoning incidents reported through the public emergency network direct reporting system, microorganisms food poisoning was still a great food safety issues, and the leading cause of death cases in food poisoning was posticide/rodenticide poisoning and mushroom poisoning.