玉米一次性施用缓控释肥筛选试验初报

Study on the screening of controlled releasing fertilizer for maize

基于目前农村的劳力情况和放用肥料利用率低状况,试验筛选出适合玉米生产上使用方便的缓控释肥,目的是节省施肥用工和提高肥效利用率。结果表明:缓控释肥能节省人工、肥料成本,更有效地利用养分,提高种植玉米的经济效益。6个缓控释肥中金正控释肥(NPK-20-6-9)经济效益最佳,氯环掺混肥(20-5-10)经济效益最差;对于大展复混肥(14-5-10)、雷力复混肥(15-10-15)、氯环掺混肥(20-5-10)、金正控释肥(18-8-16)来说600 kg/hm2施肥水平比450 kg/hm2效益高,但是其最佳施肥量有待进一步探讨;对于氯环掺混肥(16-4-0)、金正控释肥(NPK-20-6-9)来说450 kg/hm2施肥水平比600 kg/hm2效益高。大田生产上推荐使用雷力复混肥(15-10-15)施肥水平为600 kg/hm2以上,金正控释肥(NPK-20-6-9)施肥水平为450 kg/hm2。

Several controlled releasing fertilizers suitable for maize production were screened in field trail to improve the fertilizer use efficiency and save labor. The results showed that it can save labor and save cost, it also can improve the fertilizer use efficiency and increase the economic benefits of maize planting by using the Controlled Releasing Fertilizers. The JinzhengKongShiFei （NPK-20-6-9） was the best one and the LvHuanCanHunFei （20-5-10） was the worse one in the 6 Controlled Releasing Fertilizers when the economic benefit was concerned. For DaZhanFuHunFei （ 14-5 - 10）, LeiLiFuHunFei （ 15 - 10- 15 ）, LuHuanCanHunFei （ 20 -5 - 10 ） and JinZhengKongShiFei （18-8-16）, the fertilizer rate of 600kg/hm2 has the better economic benefit than 450kg/hm2, but the optimum rate of fertilization need to be further studied. For LuHuanCanHunFei（16-4-0） and JinZhenKongShiFei （NPK-20-6-9）, the fertilizer rate of 450kg/hm2 has the bettle economic benefit than 600kg/hm-~. According to the test, the LeiLiFuHunFei （15-10-15）with a 600 kg/hm2 fertilizer rate and the JinZhenKongShiFei （NPK-20-6-9）with a 450 kg/hm2 fertilizer rate were recommended in maize production in GuangXi.