气吸式棉花精量穴播器试验研究

Experiment of air-suction cotton precision metering mechanism

分析了气吸式棉花精量穴播器的结构、工作原理及主要作业参数,以单粒指数a、重播指数e、漏播指数j及综合评价指数η为排种性能评价指标,在落种角取30°、吸种孔直径取3.2 mm的条件下,运用正交试验的方法,研究真空度和作业速度对排种性能的影响。试验结果表明,在保证排种性能的前提下,真空度的增加可提高作业速度,但真空度增加到4.5 kPa后,对作业速度的提高贡献不明显;该穴播器在高于4.5 kPa的真空度条件下以1.0 m/s的速度进行作业具有较好作业效果,单粒指数≥98.67、综合评价指数≥99、重播指数≤0.67、漏播指数≤0.67。

An air-suction cotton precision metering mechanism was developed, its structure, working principle and primary working parameter were analyzed in the paper. On fixed condition that the seed drop-off angle was 30°and the sucker＇s diameter was Ф3.2 mm, applying orthogonal test method, researched vacuum and working speed which influenced the flow-performance. The test results indicate that the increasing vacuum can improve working speed, but when the vacuum achieves 4.5 kPa, it can influence little; the metering mechanism can work better when the vacuum above 4.5 kPa and the working speed under 1.0 m/s, the rate of single seed was more than 98.67%, the synthetical rate of seed was more than 99%, the multiples was less than 0.67%, and the miss was less than 0.67%.