利用PCR-DGGE分析海水浴场细菌多样性

Analysis of bacterial community diversity of marine bathing beach water by PCR-DGGE

2011年5月,于大连星海浴场采集海水样品,采用PCR-DGGE技术分析其细菌多样性。分析结果表明:近排污口处水样细菌群落多样性较远排污口处高,细菌类群主要由厚壁菌门(53%)、变形菌门(26.7%～29.4%)和拟杆菌门(17.6%～20%)组成,其中可培养细菌类群序列占总细菌类群序列的64.7%～66.7%,离排污口较远处水样中可培养细菌类群中乳酸杆菌所占总测序序列的比例最高(13.3%),而近排污口处为弓形杆菌(11.8%)和梭菌(11.8%)最高。浴场中拟杆菌和嗜低温弓形菌(Arcobacter cryaerophilus)为优势菌,其中嗜低温弓形菌为致病菌,其他致病性细菌没有被检测到;由于DGGE有一定的基因含量检测限度,所以表明嗜低温弓形菌较其他可能存在于浴场中的致病菌的丰度高。

The bacterial community diversity of Xinghai Bathing Beach was analysed by PCR-DGGE in Dalian in May,2011.The bacterial diversity of water samples nearer from a off-shore sewage outfall was higher than other locations.Three bacteria phyla Firmicutes（53%）、Proteobacteria（26.7%~29.4%） and Bacteroidetes（17.6%~20%）make up the majority of the predominant bacteria structure,Lactobacillus spp.（13.3%） in the water with a longer distance from the sewage outfall and Arcobacter spp.（11.8%） and Clostridium spp.（11.8%） in the water with a shorter distance from the sewage outfall were the predominant phyla of the cultured bacterial phyla which were 64.7%~66.7% in the total bacterial phyla.Bacteroides sp.of the uncultured bacterial phyla and Arcobacter cryaerophilus of the cultured bacterial phyla were the predominant bacterial population,Arcobacter cryaerophilus of which was detected as a kind of pathogenic bacterium,the other pathogenic bacteria were not detected,which suggested that Arcobacter cryaerophilus may have a great richness than other pathogenic bacterium which possibly survived but not detected in the water because of the limited detection on DNA content by PCR-DGGE.