黄胫小车蝗发育起点温度和有效积温的研究

Threshold Temperature and Effective Accumulated Temperature for Oedaleus infernalis Saussure

利用人工气候箱,在21,25,28,31,34℃5个恒温条件下饲养黄胫小车蝗（Oedaleus infernalis Saussure）,对其各虫态（龄）的发育历期、发育速率、发育起点温度和有效积温进行了研究,用线性方程拟合了黄胫小车蝗发育速率与温度间的关系式.结果表明：黄胫小车蝗各虫态的发育历期随温度的升高而缩短,发育速率随温度的升高而加快,在本试验所设定的温度范围内,黄胫小车蝗各虫态（龄）的发育速率与温度之间具有极显著相关性.用直线回归法计算出蝗卵、1～5龄蝗蝻、整个蝗蝻期、雌成虫期、雄成虫期、雌虫全世代及雄虫全世代的发育起点温度,依次为15.57,17.22,17.04,17.19℃,18.50,18.75,19.86,14.99,18.41,17.04,19.51℃,有效积温依次为：263.97,86.43,71.55,85.00,83.99,59.30,423.09,652.31,442.90,940.50,657.97d℃.

The developmental duration, rate, threshold temperature and effective accumulative temperature of Oedaleus infernal Saussure were studied at five constant temperatures （21,25,28,31,34 ℃） in artificial intelligence incubator. The relationships between temperatures and development rate of each life stage were fitted with linear model. The results showed that developmental durations decreased with increasing temperature,and developmental rates increased with increasing temperature. The developmental threshold temperatures for egg, lth-5th instar larvae, larval instar, females imago, males imago, females and males whole generation were 15.57,17.22,17.04,17.19,18.50,18.75,19.86,14.99,18.41,17.04 and 19.51℃ ,respectively. The effective degree days for the development of each life stage were 263.97, 86.43, 71.55, 85.00, 83.99, 59.30,423.09,652.31,442.90,940.50 and 657.97 degree days respectively.