北京地区冬小麦田渗灌高产节水技术研究初报

A primary study on the effects of seeping irrigation on water-saving and yield-increasing of winter wheat in Beijing

研究了不同灌溉方式下冬小麦田间土壤水分变化特点及对小麦产量形成的影响。结果表明,渗灌浇根不浇地,冬小麦全生育期渗灌田0～20cm土壤表层含水量较低,比喷灌0～20cm土层土壤水分消耗小,比20～120cm土层土壤水分消耗多;2种灌溉方式120cm以下土层土壤含水量为冬小麦利用较少。渗灌比喷灌增产11.6％,比少灌增产17.6％,比喷灌节水57.1％,其水分利用效率为喷灌的1.35倍。

With the treatments of seeping and sprinkler irrigation in winter wheat field, taking less irrigation as a check, the movement characters of soil water and its effects on wheat yield for-mation under different irrigation methods were studied. The soil water consumption of seeping ir-rigation in the layer of 0-20cm was less than that of sprinkler. The soil water content of the sur-face layer of 0-20cm in seeping irrigation field was lower during the whole growing season and the soil water consumption of seeping irrigation in the layer of 20-120cm was more than that of sprinkler. The soil water in the layer below the depth of 120cm was less used by wheat both in the two irrigation ways than the upper layers. The change of soil water in the layer below 120cm was small. The yield of seeping irrigation was increased by 11.6% and 17.6% compared with sprinkler and less irrigation, respectively. Seeping irrigation could save water by 57.1% compared with sprinkler irrigation. Its water use efficiency was 1.35 times of sprinkler irrigation method.