124例新生儿黄疸围产期危险因素的回顾性分析

Retrospective Analysis of Perinatai Risk Factors of 124 Patients with Neonatal Jaundice

【目的】探讨新生儿黄疸形成的围产期相关危险因素。【方法】选择2009年5月至2013年3月在本院产科住院分娩且发生黄疸的124例新生儿作为观察组，同期未发生黄疸的623例新生儿作为对照组，对两组新生儿的临床资料进行回顾性分析，探讨可能与新生儿黄疸有关的各种因素。【结果】观察组孕周、新生儿出生体重、生后3d新生儿日排便次数和生后3d日哺乳次数均显著低于对照组，且两组间比较差异有显著性（P〈O．05）。观察组孕妇合并严重贫血、妊高征和糖尿病的比例显著高于，生后第一次排胎便时间则显著早于对照组，且两组间比较差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。【结论】新生儿黄疸的发生与围产期多种因素有关，对存在一个或一个以上高危因素者，围产期即应给予适当干预，以减少产后新生儿高胆红素血症的发生率。

[Objective] To explore the related perinatal risk factors of 124 cases of neonatal jaundice. [Methods] Totally 124 cases of neonatal jaundice who were born in obstetric department of our hospital from May 2009 to March 2013 were chosen as observation group, while other 623 newborns without jaundice in the same period were chosen as control group. Clinical data of two groups were analyzed retrospectively. The vari- ous factors related to neonatal jaundice were discussed. [Results] The gestational age, birth weight, daily def- ecation frequency of newborns 3d after birth and breast-feeding times 3d after birth in observation group were markedly lower than those in control group, and there were significant differences between two groups（ P〈0.05）. The proportion of pregnant women with severe anemia, gestational hypertension and diabetes mellitus as well as the first defecation of meconium after birth in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group, and there were significant differences between two groups（ P〈0.05）. [Conclusion] The oc- currence of neonatal jaundice is correlated with various perinatal factors. For those pregnant women with one or more than one risk factors, the appropriate interventions in perinata[ stage should be taken to reduce the in- cidence of postpartum neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.