人膝半月板三维生物力学性能测定的实验研究

The Biomechanical Properties of Human Knee Menisci Measured at Tri-dimentional (3 right angle) Directions——An Experimental Study

目的 :从正交的三维方向上测定半月板前、中、后段组织的抗拉伸性能 ,探讨半月板损伤与生物力学性能之间的关系 ,建立测试该种弹性体拉伸性能的方法。方法 :将半月板分为前、中、后三段 ,每段沿半月板的长轴、垂轴及横轴分别切取双曲面体形的测试块 ,共计 5 4个。采用电脑监控的拉伸测试机进行拉伸测试。结果 :半月板前、中、后三段沿长轴方向上的拉伸断裂强度大于沿横轴与纵轴方向上的拉伸断裂强度 ,差异非常显著 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :人膝关节半月板具有各向异性的粘弹性特征 ,沿长轴方向上的抗拉伸强度最大。

To investigate the relationship between the injuries of humans meniscus and its biomechanical properties,a testing method of these elastic tissues was established. 6 menisci were collected from limb amputations, each meniscus was cut into anterior, middle and posterior 3 equal segments and along its longitudinal, perpendicular and horizontal direction,biconcaved (or biconvex) smaller strips were resected, totally 54 strips gained. By using a computer monitoring tractor,its elongation and disruption degree during stretching were tested.The results showed that traction of anterior, middle and posterior segment along its long axis direction, the rupture strength were markedly stronger than that of vertical and horizontal traction strength.The human knee meniscus possesses viscoelastic properties in all directions traction, but its anti-stretching ability is especially strong in longitudinal axis direction.