静电纺丝法制备细菌纤维素纳米纤维

Preparation of Bacterial Cellulose Nanofiber Through Electrospinning

利用静电纺丝技术,以实验室自制的细菌纤维素(BC)为原材料,选择室温离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯化物(AMIMCL)为溶解体系,制备出细菌纤维素纳米纤维。实验中通过添加助溶剂N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)降低纺丝液的粘度,并设计了转动的滚筒收集器,考察了BC质量分数、DMF的添加量、电压、固化距离等因素对静电纺丝的影响,利用光学显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及X射线衍射(XRD)对纺丝进行分析。研究表明,在BC质量分数为5%、AMIMCL与DMF的质量比为1∶2.5、电压为23kV、固化距离为12cm、环境湿度为60%～80%的条件下能够制备出连续的、直径为500～800nm的细菌纤维素纳米纤维;BC的晶体结构为纤维素Ⅰ型,而BC经离子液体溶解并静电纺丝后其结构转化为纤维素Ⅱ型。

Using bacterial cellulose （BC） as raw material, room temperature ionic liquid AMIMCL as a solution system, the bacterial cellulose nanofibers were prepared through electrospinning technology. Co-solvent N, N-dimethyl formamide （DMF） was added to reduce the viscosity of spinning fluid, and a rotating drum collector was designed and applied. The influences of 1312 mass fraction, DMF amount, voltage, and curing distance on the spinning process were investigated. The electrospun nanofibers were analyzed by optical microscope, SEM and XRD. The experimental re- sults showed that, when t3（2 mass fraction, ratio of AMIMCL to DMF, voltage, curing distance, and environmental humidity were 5%, 1 ： 2. 5, 23 kV, 12 cm, and 60%-80%, respectively, the electrospun BC nanofibers were con- tinuous and the diameter was 500-800 nm. The crystal structure of BC was cellulose of type- I , but after BC was dissolved by ionic liquid and electrospun into nanofibers, its crystal structure conversed into cellulose tvpe-II.