文化认知对话语隐喻的连贯性压力——一项基于China Daily的话语隐喻研究

Pressure of Cultural Cognition on Discourse Metaphors

Kvecses关于隐喻的"连贯性压力"研究强调话题、交际情境、物理环境、常规概念化方式对自然语篇中隐喻使用的解释作用,而作为语境与话语之间中介的话语生产者在很大程度上被理想化。文章主张,基于使用的隐喻研究具有释义学性质,即对隐喻使用的解释需要结合话语生产者存在的社会文化处境。基于身体、语言与认知的社会文化属性来探讨隐喻使用是认知社会语言学研究的重要课题。在认知社会语言学视角下,话语生产者是在语言与认知互动中形成共同体的社会成员;话语中的隐喻使用受到基于文化认知的连贯性压力而具有文化特殊性和变异性。

Kovecses investigates the impact of subject matter, communicative situation, physical environment as well as the conventionalized pattern of conceptualization on metaphor usage in natural discourses in terms of ＂pressure of coherence＂. This perspective has a defect in that it idealizes the discourse maker as the interface between the contextual factors and the discourse. In contrast, this article approaches metaphor use with enlightenment from hermeneuties, which requires a recognition of the socio-cultural situatedness of body, language and cognition, and, from a Cognitive Soeiolinguistic perspective, observes the specific pattern and variation of metaphor usage as the result of the ＂pressure of coherence＂ up from shared cultural cognition.