上海弄堂工厂的历史兴衰与街区再生

The Historical Rises and Falls and Neighborhood Revitalization of Shanghai Alley Factories

上海是中国近代工业的发源地,弄堂工厂是近代上海特有的一种工业形态,混合着租界城市生态的痕迹,是构成上海乃至中国近代工业发展史不可或缺的一部分。弄堂工厂不仅见证了近代上海的百年发展历程,尤其是中国传统民族工业的崛起和发展,也见证了上海丰富多彩的市井生活和民俗文化的历史变迁。从弄堂工厂的历史成因和背景条件着手,对其建筑及街区的遗产价值进行剖析归纳,通过对田子坊的案例研究,总结和探讨弄堂工厂所在的普通历史街区的再生意义和策略,并在政府和民众之间充分结合自上而下和自下而上的保护发展模式,以此推动城市遗产保护和历史街区的再生实践。

Shanghai was the cradle of modern industry in China. Being a peculiar industrial form in modem Shanghai, mixed with ecological traces of concession cities, alley factories became an integral part of the history of industrial development in Shanghai and even in China. It witnessed not only the process of modern Shanghai in past one hundred years, especially the rise of Chinese traditional domestic industry, but also historical evaluation of social life and folk culture as well. Starting with the historical causes and background of alley factories, the thesis analyzes the heritage value of its buildings and neighborhood housing areas. Further, it summarizes and discusses the significance and strategies on revitalization of neighborhood of alley factories with the case study of Tianzifang. Combining with two developing modes between ＂top to bottom＂ and ＂bottom to top＂, it will play a positive role and strong impact on promoting preservation of urban heritage as well as unlisted historical housing quarters.