我国存在城乡产品质量二元性吗?——基于我国宏观质量观测数据的实证分析

Does Urban-Rural Duality of Quality Exist in China?

城乡二元结构是我国面临的一个基本问题,这种二元结构不仅表现在经济上,而且表现在社会生活的方方面面。对于城乡二元性的多维度研究很多,但对于城乡的质量二元性的研究在理论上较为欠缺,用定量分析的方法来验证则更少。对已有研究所提出的城乡质量二元性的命题,尝试基于武汉大学质量发展战略研究院的宏观质量观测数据,用计量经济学方法定量地检验城乡质量差异的显著性,同时从城乡质量服务差异性分析城乡产品质量二元性存在的原因。实证分析结果初步证实,城乡之间在质量满意度方面且主要是耐用消费品方面差异较为显著,但在质量安全感受方面的差异并不明显。基于实证分析结论的政策建议是,重视对于农村的质量监管与公共服务的投入,针对我国城乡质量二元性的结构性特征,主要加强农村耐用消费品质量的监管,改善农村居民对于家用电器等产品的质量满意度。

Urban-Rural duality is a basic problem that China faces, the duality structure not only embodies in economy,but also in every aspect of social life. There＇s much research on the dimensions of urban-rural duality, but it＇s relatively weak in the theoretical research and even weak in the quantitative analysis which can verify the duality. Based on the proposition of urban-rural quality duality, this paper tries to test the significance of urban-rural quality duality, using econometric quantitative analysis method, at the same time from the aspect of urban-rural differences in quality service to find out the courses of urban-rural quality duality. The empirical results confirm that the differences in quality satisfaction are significant between urban and rural areas, but there is no significant difference in terms of quality safety. The policy suggestions are： changing the imbalance of quality of public management resource between urban and rural areas, paying attention to the rural quality investment, strengthening publicity and education of quality public services {or rural residents, paying more attention to solving the quality problem of rural durable consumer goods,in order to improve the product satisfaction of rural households.