美国对华反补贴的新趋势及中国的应对策略

The United States Countervailing to China's New Trends and China's Countermeasures

同长期以来反倾销明确针对中国不同,在以往的实践中,美国把中国视为"非市场经济国家"而不适用反补贴法。但近年来,美国改变立场,通过国内和诉诸WTO争端解决机制两条途径对华逐步适用反补贴,反补贴已成为中美贸易磨擦新热点。美国2012年通过的《对非市场经济国家适用反补贴税法》(4105法案)引起了中国的强烈反响。文章着重分析了美国反补贴立法和对华反补贴实践的发展态势,揭示了美国对华"双反"的本质,并就中国应采取的对策提出建议。

In practice in the past, the United States of America regards China as a ＂non-market economy＂ and does not to apply anti - subsidy law for a long time. But in recent years, the United States of America changes position, through domestic and resort to WTO dispute settlement mechanism in two ways, China gradually applies countervailing measures of subsidies, counter- vailing has become a new focus of Sino-US trade friction. The United States in 2012 through the ＂applying to non-market economy country countervailing duty law＂ （4105 act） has aroused strong repercussions in China. This paper focuses on the analysis of the development situation of the United States countervailing anti-subsidy legislation and practice of the United States of America, re- veals the essence of China~ dual, puts forward suggestions and countermeasures which should be taken in China.