不同倍性种苗香叶油的化学成分

The Chemical Constituents of Essential Oils from Different Ploidy Seedlings of Pelargonium graveolens

以香叶天竺葵的不同倍性组培苗为研究材料,对不同采样时间的香叶油进行气相色谱分析,比较其香气特征。结果表明:常规组培苗和染色体加倍苗的香叶油的化学成分相同,且各个成分含量随月份变化的规律一致,但在各成分的含量上有差异。多倍体组培苗香叶油中香叶醇、异薄荷酮的含量较高,而常规组培苗香叶油中香茅醇、甲酸香茅酯、乙酸香茅酯的含量较高。常规组培苗香叶油主要指标成分含量分别为香茅醇30.83%～38.25%、香叶醇5.30%～9.72%、β-古芸烯3.71%～5.50%,多倍体组培苗香叶油主要指标成分含量分别为香茅醇26.1%～38.8%、香叶醇5.94%～14.81%、β-古芸烯3.21%～6.16%。

In order to determine the aroma characteristics of essential oils of different ploidy seedlings of Pelargonium graveo- lens, oils from tissue-cultured seedlings with normal and doubling chromosomes were analyzed by gas chromatography, respec- tively. It was shown that the aroma chemical constituents from two different seedlings were identical but differed in amounts. The contents of geraniol and iso menthone were higher in polyploidy tissue-cultured seedlings, while the contents of citronellol, citronellyl formate and citronellyl acetate were higher in normal tissue-cultured seedlings. The main constituents are citronellol 30. 83%-38.25%, geraniol 5.30%-9.72%, and β-gurjunene 3.71 %-5.50%, for normal tissue-cultured seedlings; citronellol 26. 1 %-38.8%, geraniol 5.94%-14.81%, and 13-gurjunene 3.21%-6. 16%, for polyploidy tissue-cultured seedlings.