一个半心室修补术在双心室修补术后急性右心功能不全治疗中的应用

Application of One and A Half Ventricle Repair for Acute Right Ventricular Dysfunction after Biventricular Repair

目的探讨一个半心室修补术在双心室修补术后急性右心功能不全治疗中的应用。方法回顾性分析2007年2月至2012年6月青岛市妇女儿童医院5例先天性心脏病行双心室修补术后出现急性右心功能不全,急诊在非体外循环下加做双向Glenn手术(即转换手术方式为一个半心室修补术)患儿的临床资料,其中男4例,女1例;年龄7～18个月;体重6～13 kg。室间隔完整的肺动脉闭锁1例,室间隔缺损+房间隔缺损合并三尖瓣狭窄2例,法洛四联症合并三尖瓣狭窄2例。术后加强心肺功能维护,重点控制肺动脉压。结果急诊双向Glenn手术后72 h平均肺动脉压12～18 mm Hg。呼吸机辅助呼吸时间3～182 h,ICU滞留时间2～13 d。住院期间死于肺动脉高压危象1例。4例患者出院时静息不吸氧状态下经皮血氧饱和度为93%～99%,较术前有不同程度地提高。随访4例,随访时间6个月至4年,心功能(NYHA分级)Ⅰ级3例,Ⅱ级1例。心脏超声心动图提示:腔静脉肺动脉吻合口通畅,无血栓形成。结论一个半心室修补术可作为双心室修补术后发生急性右心功能不全的补救手术。

Objective To investigate clinical outcomes of one and a half ventricle repair for acute right ventricular dysfunction after biventricular repair. Methods Clinical data of 5 pediatric patients with congenital heart diseases who underwent emergency bidirectional Glenn shunt without cardiopulmonary bypass for acute right ventricular dysfunction after biventricular repair, converting the operation into one and a half ventricle repair, from February 2007 to June 2012 in Qingdao Women and Children Hospital were retrospectively analyzed. There were 4 male patients and 1 female patient with their age of 7-18 months and body weight of 6-13 kg. Preoperative diagnosis included pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum （PA/IVS） in 1 patient, tricuspid stenosis （TS） with ventricular septal defect （VSD） and atrial septal defect （ASD） in 2 patients, and tricuspid stenosis with tetralogy of Fallot （TOF） in 2 patients. Postoperative care focused on cardiopulmonary support and control of pulmonary artery pressure. Results Mean pulmonary artery pressure （mPAP） was 12-18 mm Hg at 72 hours after emergency bidirectional Glenn shunt. Mechanical ventilation time was 3-182 hours and ICU stay was 2-13 days. Postoperatively 1 patient died of pulmonary hypertension crisis. The other 4 patients were discharged with their transcutaneous oxygen saturation in the resting state of 93%-99%, which was improved in different degrees com- pared with preoperative value. These 4 patients were followed up from 6 months to 4 years. Three patients were in NYHA class I and 1 patient was in NYHA class I1 during follow-up. Echocardiography showed smooth vena cava to pulmonary artery anastomosis without thrombosis formation. Conclusion One and a half ventricle repair can be used as an adjunct surgical strategy for acute right ventricular dysfunction after biventricular repair.