新疆部分地区鼠类无形体和埃立克体的调查及16srRNA序列分析

16srRNA sequence analysis of Anaplasma and Ehrlichiain rodents from parts area of Xinjiang

目的调查新疆部分地区鼠类携带无形体和埃立克体的状况。方法对新疆博乐、石河子、乌鲁木齐3个地区捕获的鼠类(沙鼠、褐家鼠、田鼠)401份,采集肺脏、脾脏提取总DNA,通过巢式PCR扩增无形体和埃立克体16SrRNA片段并与GenBank中相应基因序列进行比对分析。结果在沙鼠样本中扩增到无形体和埃立克体16SrRNA片段,而在其它两种鼠类未扩增到目的片段,扩增片段经测序、比对后确定为Anaplasma phagocytophilum和Erhlichia chaffeenisis。在312份沙鼠检测样本中,检出无形体17份,占5.45%;埃立克体48份,占15.38%;无形体和埃立克体均检出12份,占3.84%。结论新疆地区存在无形体和埃立克体病原,其主要存在与荒漠和半荒漠地带生存的沙鼠中,新疆存在这两种病原的自然疫源地,而且两种病原可以共同存在于同一宿主动物。

The objective of the present study was to investigate the nature infection prevalence of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia in rodents in Xinjiang. Nest polymerase chain reaction （PCR） method was used to amplify the fragments of Anaplasma and Ehrlichia 16S rRNA gene from 401 samples. Rodents were collected from Bole, Shihezi, and Urumqi, including 312 get bils, 58 sewer rats, and 31 field mice. Total DNA were extracted from spleen, and the positive PCR products was sequenced and compared with the corresponding sequences deposited in GenBank. Among the 401 rodents, 17 gerbils showed Anaplasma positive and the positive rate was 5.45 %; 48 gerbils showed Ehrlichia positive and the positive rate was 15.38%; 12 gerbils showed Ehrlichia and Anaplasma positive and the rate was 3.84%. No positive sample was found in sewer rats and field mice. By sequence comparison, Anaplasma 16S rRNA fragments were closed to Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and the Ehrlichia 16S rRNA fragments were closed to Ehrlichia chaffeenisis. It concluded that some regions in Xinjiang are the origin place of tow pathogens and these two could exist in the same host.