民航飞行人员外周血淋巴细胞微核的观察

Observation of micronucleus of peripheral blood lymphocyte of civil aviation pilots and crew members

目的 观察宇宙辐射对民航飞行人员淋巴细胞微核的影响。 方法 采集 6 5名健康飞行人员和 2 1名地面对照人员的外周静脉血 ,在含 PHA的 RPMI16 40培养基中 37℃培养 72 h,经低渗、固定、涂片、染色 ,每例观察 10 0 0个转化淋巴细胞中的微核。 结果 飞行人员的 MNF(5 .5 1±0 .2 9‰ )、MNCF(4 .92± 0 .2 7‰ )与地面人员的 MNF(3.0 5± 0 .38‰ )、MNCF(2 .6 2± 0 .35‰ )相比 ,差异有非常显著性意义 (P<0 .0 1)。MNF、MNCF随飞行人员的年飞行小时、飞行工龄及飞行状况变化而变化的梯度小 ,差异无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。在性别和年龄可比条件下 ,吸烟飞行人员 MNF(6 .12± 0 .42‰ )、MNCF(5 .5 0± 0 .40‰ )略高于不吸烟飞行人员 MNF(5 .19± 0 .5 0‰ )、MNCF(4 .48± 0 .46‰ ) ,但差异无显著性意义 (P>0 .0 5 )。 结论 宇宙辐射引起民航飞行人员染色体损伤。常规培养微核法灵敏度低 ,不能反映飞行负荷的差别。

Objective To study the influence of cosmic radiation on the lymphocyte micronucleus of civil aviation pilots and crew members. Methods The blood samples from 65 healthy flight personnel and from 21 control healthy ground crew were incubated at 37℃ in the complete RPMI 1640 medium for 72 h.After hypotonic treatment, the harvested cells were fixed, smeared and stained, 1 000 cells were observed for each subject. Results ①The MNF and MNCF of flight personnel (5.51±0.29‰, 4.92±0.27‰ respectively) were significantly higher than those of the control (3.05±0.38‰, 2.62±0.35‰ respectively) ( P< 0.01). ②No significant differences of micronucleus frequency were observed in those flight personnel with different annual flying hours, professional seniority and flying status( P >0.05). ③After correction for the influence of sex and age, the MNF and MNCF of smokers(6.12±0.42‰, 5.50±0.40‰ respectively) were slightly higher than non smokers(5.19±0.50‰, 4.48±0.46‰ respectively), but there was no statistical significance ( P >0.05) in the flight personnel. Conclusion The results suggested that the cosmic radiation encountered by civil pilots and crew members may lead chromosomal damage, while the smoking might not exacerbate the damage of lymphocyte chromosomes in the flight personnel.