212例产妇产前血型血清学检验结果分析

Analysis on blood group serology test results before delivery in 212 puerperas

目的对212例产妇产前血型血清学检验结果进行分析。方法对212例0型血产妇产前及其分娩的新生儿脐血抽血检验，对两者的检验结果分析，调查其高胆红素血症的发生率。结果212例产妇中测得有免疫性抗体者170例，证实为新生儿溶血病的有24例，占14．1％，新生儿溶血的发生率随着产妇血清效价的提高而提高，其中血清在1024的发病率达100％，差异有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。24例患儿中，直抗试验和抗体释放试验同时阳性的12例新生儿出生3天内发生黄疽的有8例，占66．7％，另外12例新生儿出生3天内发生黄疸的6例，占50％，差异具有统计学意义（P〈0．05）。结论对产妇产前进行血清学检验，能及早发现新生儿溶血，及时治疗，防止病情的发展，保障新生儿的健康。

Objective To analyze the blood group serology test results before delivery of 212 puerperas. Methods 212 cases of O blood type puerperas were drawn blood for test before delivery and their newborns were drawn blood for test too. Test results of both were analyzed and hyperbilirubinemia occurrence rate was investigated. Results There were 170 cases with autoimmune antibody among 212 puerperas, 24 cases of them were found hemolytic disease of the newborn, accounting 14.1%. Its occurrence rate rose along with ascendance of maternal serum titer, and reached 100% when serum at 1024 （P〈0.05）. Among 24 sick children, there were 8 out of 12 cases with positive results of direct resistance test and antibody release test got jaundice within 3 days after delivery, accounting 66.7%, there were 6 out of the other 12 cases of newborns got jaundice within 3 days after delivery, accounting 50%, P〈0.05. Conclusion Giving serological tests to puerpera before delivery can detect hemolytic disease of the newborn early and carry out treatment early to prevent progress of diseases and secure the health of newborns.