预防重型颅脑损伤患者并发肺部感染的护理体会

Nursing experience in prevention of lung infections in patients with severe traumatic brain injury

目的探讨预防重型颅脑损伤患者并发肺部感染的有效护理干预措施。方法将86例重型颅脑损伤患者随机分为观察组与对照组各43例,对照组实施常规治疗护理,观察组由责任护士认真评估患者病情,分析可能引起肺部感染的高危因素,有针对性地做好病室管理,严密病情观察,加强基础护理,保持呼吸道通畅以及充分营养支持等护理干预。结果观察组生命体征较对照组平稳(P<0.05);观察组痰菌培养阳性率和肺部感染发生率均显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论护理干预可以有效预防重型颅脑损伤患者发生肺部感染,值得推广应用。

Objective To investigate the effective nursing intervention in the prevention of pulmonary infections in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.Methods Eighty-six patients with severe head injury patients were randomly divided into observation group and control group,43 cases in each group.The control group received conventional treatment and care,and the observation group＇s progression of illness was carefully assessed by responsible nurses.Analysis of risk factors that may cause lung infection wad conducted,ward management was improved,progression of illness was closely monitored,basic care was strengthened,airway clearance and adequate nutrition support and other nursing interventions were maintained.Results The vital signs of the observation group were steady compared with the control group （P ＜ 0.05）.Sputum culture positive rate and lung infections of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group （P＜0.05）.Conclusion Nursing intervention can be effective in preventing the occurring of pulmonary infection in patients with severe traumatic brain injury,which should be widely applied.