王阳明《传习录》中的生态智慧

The Ecological Wisdom in Wang Yangming’s Chuan Xi Lu

儒家的心性哲学自先秦以来一直就具有生态学方面重要论述,至王阳明《传习录》则生态学意义更有特色,也更与现代生态学的具体表述方式接近。阳明的良知说所蕴含的唯灵论思想与现代生态学可谓不谋而合,他将人心所自有的先验性道德属性"良知"视为天地万物、草木瓦石的"良知",显然是将人的先验性道德属性赋予了自然界,认为人与自然界之间具有内在的和谐同一性,这就与现代生态哲学之间的距离缩小了。阳明心性哲学的另外一个特点就是视涵养性情为仁民爱物之心的组成部分,并进而形成自己特有的认识方法,这其中同样蕴含着生态学方面的意义,值得在这里做一些探讨。

Since the Pre-Qing Dynasty, there has been important exposition on the ecology in Confucian＇s Mind Philosophy. Till Wang Yangming＇s Chuan Xi Lu, its ecological meaning is more significant, and also more close to modern ecology concrete expression. The spiritualism thinking implicated in Wang＇s Conscience Theory happened to coincide with the modem ecology. Wang put ＂conscience＂ that people owned as a priori moral Properties as the one of everything, believed that there was a harmony inherent identity between man and nature, which narrowed the distance with modern ecological philosophy. Another feature of the Yangming Mind Philosophy is that it takes nature conservation as an integral part of caring for people and things, which also contains the meaning of ecology, and is worth doing some research here.