松华坝水源地坡面水土保持林对水沙关系影响及其贮水能力分析

Influence of soil and water conservation forest on runoff and sediment's relationship and analysis of it's water storage capacity in water source slope at Songhua dam

通过对松华坝水源地径流与泥沙变化规律分析。利用松华坝水源保护区1982-2010年的LANDSAT TM遥感图像,采用ENVI遥感图像处理方法估算出该流域多年水土保持林地面积变化情况,并按不同坡度进行分类。通过双方数据的对比分析,得到径流含沙量与水土保持林覆盖度呈指数关系,水土保持林覆盖度越高,径流含沙量越低。本文采用扣除负功能法对水土保持林计算森林实际贮水能力,由此得出松华坝地区水土保持林平均年实际贮水量为1.1344亿m3。

Through the analysis of the variation of runoff and sediment of Songhua dam water source,the paper used the LANDSAT TM remote sensing image of Songhua dam water source protection area from 1982 to 2010 and estimated the changes of soil and water conservation forest area in the basin for many years by using ENVI remote sensing image processing method, and classified according to different slope. Through the comparison analysis of obtained data, it got the conclusion that sediment concentration of runoff and soil and water conservation forest coverage is exponential relation, the higher the degree of soil and water conservation forest coverage, the lower the sediment concentration of runoff. Using the deduc- tion negative function method to calculate the actual water storage capacity of forest, it got the result that the average annual actual storage capacity of soil and water conservation forest in Songhua dam area is 113.44 million m3.